givesomefucks ,

We’re diurnal, and have eyes optimised to see maximum colour and detail instead of well in dim light (at least by mammal standards)

Human variation.

There's two main structures in our eyes.

  1. Rods: take large amounts of any wave length of light

  2. Cones: take in a very small amount of a specific wavelength and only that wavelength

Most of the area (like 95%) are rods. And there's a couple (usually three) types of cones.

Some people have more different types of cones, and can see more differences in color. Some have less types meaning less cones overall even.

But the eye won't just have more blank spots. So it fills in with more rods.

This is actually related to why the further away from the equator people got, the lighter their eyes got.

With longer variation in day/night cycle, it was advantages to let as much light in as possible. That outweighed the downside of too much light during the day, as that could be solved with hat brims, or that age old move where you make a visor with your palm.

By limiting the amount of light going to your rods, your cones get less "washed out" and that's how we get more detail/colors.

But even in a single population, there's going to be a lot of human variation. Rod/cone distribution has a high amount of variability even when genetics are steady. Genetics has a large effect, but it's not like the body always follows directions closely.

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