My drain has a float switch. If the line clogs and water backs up, it turns off the unit. I also have a leak sensor in the pan that integrates with my security system.
A permanent fix would be a larger drain or a backup drain.
Water sensors are a cheap investment that can be reused later. You can also buy inexpensive ones from Tuya or Aqara that are smart and should be able to notify you on your phone over just a simple one that beeps.